雷発生器 【実験】

・図1の雷発生器のスイッチを押すと、2つのワニ口クリップの間に数千から数万ボルトの電圧がかかります。ためしにワニ口クリップを持ってスイッチを押すと少しビリっとします。

・ワニ口クリップを図2の雷発生板のA~Dに挟んでスイッチを押すと小さな雷が見られます。それぞれの場合を以下に説明します。以下の写真の撮影では、露光時間を長くして複数回の放電を重ねて撮影しています。

図1 雷発生器

図2 雷発生板

・AとBを挟んだ場合、AとBの導線の間に放電が見られます。(図3、図4)

図3 AB間

図4 AB間 拡大

・BとCを挟んだ場合、B→金具→Cの放電が見られます。BC間の金具を動かすことで、放電の位置が変わります。この実験から、空気中の距離が短くなるように放電することがよくわかります。(図5~図8)

図5 BC間 左に放電

 

図6 BC間 左に放電 拡大

図7 BC間 右に放電

図8 BC間 右に放電 拡大

・CとDを挟んだ場合、C→金具→金具→Dの放電が見られます。右側の金具は左右に動かすことができ、金具の間隔をだんだんと近づけていくと図9→図10→図11のようになります。図11の金具で囲まれた部分には電気が流れないことが自然に理解できます。雷の時には車の中にいれば安全!静電遮蔽ですね。

図9 CD間 金具間隔大

図10 CD間 金具間隔小

図11 CD間 金具接触

動画はこちら

 

 

公開日:
最終更新日:2016/05/16


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